Cats knead with their paws—a behavior often referred to as "kneading dough"—for several reasons, and it can signify different things depending on the context:
1. **Comfort and Contentment**: Kneading is often a sign that a cat feels comfortable and content. Kittens knead their mother's belly to stimulate milk flow while nursing, and adult cats may continue this behavior as a comforting gesture when they feel relaxed.
2. **Marking Territory**: Cats have scent glands in their paws. When they knead, they may be marking their territory with their scent, signaling that the area is "theirs."
3. **Stretching Muscles**: Kneading helps cats stretch their muscles and tendons in their paws and legs. This can be particularly soothing and beneficial for their physical health.
4. **Preparing a Resting Place**: In the wild, cats knead to create a soft, comfortable place to rest or sleep. Domestic cats may continue this instinctual behavior as they prepare their favorite spot.
5. **Stress Relief**: Kneading can also be a self-soothing behavior for cats, helping them manage stress or anxiety.
Overall, kneading is a natural and instinctive behavior that serves multiple purposes related to comfort, territory, and physical health.